ICSE 2018:
The diagram given below is that of a structure present in a human kidney. [5 marks]
Study the same and answer the questions that follow:
(i) Name the structure represented in the diagram.
(ii) What is the liquid entering part ‘1’ called? Name two substances present in this liquid that are reabsorbed in the tubule.
(iii) What is the fluid that comes to part ‘2’ called? Name the main nitrogenous waste in it.
(iv) Mention the three main steps involved in the formation of the fluid mentioned in (iii) above.
(v) Name the substance which may be present in the fluid in part ‘2’ if a person suffers from Diabetes mellitus.
Solution:
This 5 marks question based on Human Kidney's Nephron or Renal Tubule or Uriniferous Tubule diagrammatic representation and was asked by ICSE board in the year 2018 in SECTION-II.
The question tested the knowledge of students on the:
- Diagrammatic representation of Nephron or Renal Tubule or Uriniferous Tubule,
- Functions of each part of Nephron
- How is Urine formed and its components?
- Diabetes Mellitus
Let's begin with solving the above mentioned questions:
(i) The structure represented in the diagram is Nephron or Renal Tubules or Uriniferous Tubule
(ii) The liquid entering Part-1 is called Glomerular Filtrate.
The two substances present in Glomerular Filtrate which are reabsorbed in the tubule are:
- Glucose
- Salts like Sodium and Chlorine
(iii) The liquid coming to Part-2 is called Urine.
The main nitrogenous waste present in Urine is Urea.
(iv) The three main steps involved in the formation of Urine are:
- Ultrafiltration
- Selective Reabsorption
- Tubular Secretion
(v) If a person suffers from Diabetes Mellitus, the substance GLUCOSE will be present in Urine (Part-2).
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