SOLVED Class-10 Biology Question Paper - ICSE 2019
The Science Paper-3 (BIOLOGY) carried total of 80 marks and was divided into two sections, each carrying 40 marks.
From Section-I, all questions had to be answered whereas from Section-II, any 4 questions could be attempted.
Total time given to solve the paper was 2 hours.
General Instructions:
- Answers to this paper must be written on the paper provided separately.
- You will not be allowed to write during the first 15 minutes.
- This time is to be spent in reading the question paper.
- The time given at the head of the paper is the time allowed for writing the answers.
Attempt all questions from Section I and any four questions from Section II.
The intended marks for questions or parts of questions are given in brackets []
Section-I [40 Marks]
(Attempt all questions from this section)
Question 1
(a) Name the following: [5 marks]
(i) The layer of the eyeball that provides nourishment to the eye.
(ii) One gaseous compound which depletes the ozone layer.
(iii) The structure which connects the placenta and the foetus.
(iv) A pair of corresponding chromosomes of the same shape and size and derived one
from each parent.
(v) The compound formed when haemoglobin combines with carbon dioxide in blood.
Solution:
(i) Choroid
(ii) Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) or Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)
(iii) Umbilical Chord
(iv) Homologous Chromosomes
(v) Carbamino haemoglobin (HbCO2)
(b) Correct and rewrite the statements by changing the biological term that is underlined for
each statement. [5 marks]
(i) The theory of inheritance of acquired characters was proposed by Watson and Crick.
(ii) The protective sac which develops around the developing embryo is called the
pericardium.
(iii) Maintaining balance of the body and coordinating muscular activities is carried out by
the cerebrum.
(iv) The kidney is composed of a number of neurons.
(v) The part of the eye which can be donated from a clinically dead person is the retina.
Solution:
(i) The theory of inheritance of acquired characters was proposed by Jean Baptiste Lamarck.
ii) The protective sac which develops around the developing embryo is called the Amnion.
iii) Maintaining balance of the body and coordinating muscular activities is carried out by the Cerebellum.
iv) The kidney is composed of a number of Nephrons or Uriniferous tubules.
v) The part of the eye which can be donated from a clinically dead person is the Cornea.
(c) Give suitable biological reasons for the following statements: [5 marks]
(i) The birth rate in India is very high.
(ii) Carbon monoxide is dangerous when inhaled.
(iii) Root hairs become flaccid and droop when excess fertilisers are added to the moist soil
around them.
(iv) Acid rain is harmful to the environment.
(v) All life on Earth is supported by photosynthesis
Solution:
(i) The birth rate in India is very high because of:
- illiteracy,
- desire for a male child,
- high infant mortality rate
(ii) Carbon monoxide is dangerous when inhaled because carbon monoxide has 210 times higher affinity for haemoglobin than oxygen. Carbon monoxide forms a compound with Haemoglobin in RBCs called carboxyhaemoglobin.
Thus, even if carbon monoxide is inhaled in small quantities, it displaces oxygen in blood and deprives vital organs such as brain, heart etc. of oxygen.
(iii) When excess fertilisers are added to the moist soil around root haris, the soil becomes more concentrated (hypertonic) compared to the root hairs cells. Thus, the more water moves out of the root hairs cells towards soil due to exosmosis and root hairs become flaccid and droop.
(iv) Acid rain is harmful to the environment because:
- Causes damage to vegetation by soil pollution
- Causes harm to aquatic animals due to increased acidity of water
(v) All life on Earth is supported by photosynthesis because it is the primary source of food on earth and oxygen is released as its by-product.
6CO2 + 12H2O --------------------------> C6H12O6 + 6H2O + 6O2
carbon dioxide water sunlight, chlorophyll glucose water oxygen
(d) Match the items given in Column A with the most appropriate ones in Column B and
REWRITE the correct matching pairs. [5 marks]
Column A Column B
(i) Cranial nerves (a) Testosterone
(ii) Leydig cells (b) Natural reflex
(iii) Acetylcholine (c) 12 pairs
(iv) Spinal nerves (d) Prolactin
(v) Sneezing (e) Neurotransmitter
(f) 18 pairs
(g) 31 pairs
(h) Conditioned reflex
Solution:
Column A Column B
(i) Cranial nerves (c) 12 pairs
(ii) Leydig cells (a) Testosterone
(iii) Acetylcholine (e) Neurotransmitter
(iv) Spinal nerves (g) 31 pairs
(v) Sneezing (b) Natural reflex
(e) Choose the correct answer from the four options given below: [5 marks]
(i) While recording the pulse rate, where exactly does a doctor press on our wrist?
A. Nerve B. Vein C. Artery D. Capillary
Solution: C. Artery
(ii) In a human male, a sperm will contain
A. Both X and Y chromosomes B. Only Y chromosome
C. Only X chromosome D. Either X or Y chromosome
Solution: D. Either X or Y chromosome
(iii) A muscular wall is absent in
A. Capillary B. Venule C. Arteriole D. Vein
Solution: A. Capillary
(iv) On which day of the menstrual cycle does ovulation take place?
A. 5th day B. 28th day C. 14th day D. 1st day
Solution: C. 14th day
(v) Which one of the following does not affect the rate of transpiration?
A. Light B. Humidity C. Wind D. Age of the plant
Solution: D. Age of the plant
(f) Identify the ODD term in each set and name the CATEGORY in which the remaining of these belong: [5 marks]
Example:
Glucose, starch, cellulose, calcium
Odd term: Calcium
Category: Others are different types of carbohydrates.
(i) Addison’s disease, Cushing’s Syndrome, Acromegaly, Leukemia
(ii) Insulin, Adrenaline, Pepsin, Thyroxine
(iii) Axon, Dendron, Photon, Cyton
(iv) Chicken pox, Colour blindness, Haemophilia, Albinism
(v) Polythene bag, Crop residue, Animal waste, Decaying vegetable
Solution:
| Odd Term | Category | |
| (i) | Leukemia | Others are hormonal disorders |
| (ii) | Pepsin | Pepsin is an enzyme while others are hormones |
| (iii) | Photon | Photon is the fundamental unit of light while others are parts of neurons |
| (iv) | Chicken pox | Chicken pox is a viral disease while others are genetic diseases |
| (v) | Polythene bag | Polythene bag is non-biodegradable while others are biodegradable wastes |
(g) Expand the following biological abbreviations: [5 marks]
(i) ABA (ii) IAA (iii) ATP (iv) DNA (v) TSH
Solution:
(i) Abscisic Acid
(ii) Indole-3 Acetic Acid
(iii) Adenosine Triphosphate
(iv) Deoxyribo Nucleic Acid
(v) Thyroid Stimulating Hormone
(h) Study the picture given below and answer the following questions: [5 marks]
(i) Identify the type of pollution.
(ii) Name one pollutant that causes the above pollution.
(iii) Mention the impact of this pollution on human health.
(iv) State one measure to control this pollution.
(v) What is a ‘pollutant’? Explain the term.
Solution:
(i) Water pollution
(ii) One pollutant that causes water pollution is discharge of toxic industrial wastes into the water bodies like rivers, seas, etc.
(iii) Water pollution can lead to several diseases like typhoid, cholera and typhoid.
* For complete solution: Click here...
SECTION II (40 Marks)
Attempt any four questions from this section.
Question 2
(a) Given below is an experimental set-up to demonstrate a particular tropic movement in germinating seeds. Study the diagram and answer the questions that follow: [5 marks]
(i) Label the parts 1 and 2.
(ii) Name the tropic movement shown by part 1.
(iii) Part 1 is affected by two stimuli. Name them. Which one of the two is stronger?
(iv) What is thigmotropism? Give one example.
(v) What is meant by ‘positive’ and ‘negative’ tropic movements in plants?
Solution:
(i) Labeling:
- Part 1 : Radicle
- Part 2 : Plumule
(ii) The tropic movement shown by Part 1 is Hydrotropism.
* For complete solution: Click here...
(b) Mention the exact location of the following: [5 marks]
(i) Testis (ii) Incus (iii) Thylakoids (iv) Amniotic fluid (v) Corpus callosum
Solution:
(i) Testis:
In embryonic stage, testis are contained within the abdomen and shortly before birth, they descend into scrotum.
(ii) Incus:
The middle ear consists of three tiny bones - Malleus, Incus and Stapes, which are collectively called ear ossicles.
(iii) Thylakoids:
Thylakoids are flattened sacs like structure, arranged in piles (grana) within Chroloplasts.
(iv) Amniotic fluid:
Amniotic Fluid fills the space between amnion and embryo.
(v) Corpus callosum:
Corpus callosum is a sheet of fibres connecting the two cerebral hemispheres.
Question 3
(a) The diagram given below represents an experiment to prove the importance of a factor in photosynthesis. Answer the questions that follow. [5 marks]
(i) Name the factor studied in this experiment.
(ii) What will you observe in the experimental leaf after the starch test?
(iii) Explain the process of photosynthesis.
(iv) Give a balanced chemical equation to represent the process of photosynthesis.
(v) Draw a neat, labelled diagram of an experimental set-up to show that oxygen is
released during photosynthesis.
Solution:
(i) Sunlight is necessary for photosynthesis.
* For complete solution: Click here...
(b) State the main function of the following: [5 marks]
(i) Medulla oblongata (ii) Cytokinins (iii) Tears (iv) Coronary artery (v) Seminal vesicles
Solution:
(i) Medulla oblongata
The function of Medulla oblongata is to control the activities of internal organs. For example: beating of heart, movement of breathing etc.
(ii) Cytokinins
Cytokinins are the plant hormones which helps to break dormancy of seeds, delay ageing in leaves, promote cell proliferation and promotes opening of stomata.
(iii) Tears
The function of tears are:
- Lubrication of eye
- Helps in killing germs (have lysozymes)
- Wash away dust particles
(iv) Coronary artery
The function of coronary artery is to supply blood to heart muscles.
(v) Seminal vesicles
Seminal vesicles produce a secretion which serves as a medium for the transportation of sperms. The mixture of this fluid and sperms produces milky fluid called Semen. This secretion has a key role to play in semen coagulation, sperm mobility and sperm survival
Question 4
(a) The diagram given below represents an organ system in the human body. Study the same and answer the questions that follow: [5 marks]
(i) Identify the system.
(ii) Label the parts marked 2 and 4. Mention the function of part 5.
(iii) Name the structural and functional units of the part marked 1.
(iv) What is the fluid that accumulates in part 3? Which is the main nitrogenous waste
present in it?
(v) Draw a neat, labelled diagram showing the longitudinal section of part 1.
Solution:
(i) Human Excretory System
* For Complete solution: Click here....
(b) The diagram given below represents an endocrine gland in the human body. Study the diagram and answer the following questions: [5 marks]
(i) Identify the endocrine gland. Where is it located?
(ii) Why is the above gland referred to as the ‘master gland’?
(iii) Name the hormone which in deficiency causes diabetes insipidus. How does this
disorder differ from diabetes mellitus?
(iv) Explain the term ‘hormone’. What is the role of tropic hormones in the human body?
(v) Which lobe of the above gland secretes
1. Oxytocin 2. ACTH 3. Growth hormone
Solution:
(i) Pituitary gland
- Location of Pituitary gland:
Pituitary gland hangs from the base of mid-brain below hypothalamus.
(ii) Pituitary gland is also called as "Master Gland" because it controls all other endocrine glands.
*For Complete Solution: Click here...
Question 5
(a) Given below is an apparatus which was set up to investigate a physiological process in plants. The set-up was placed in bright sunlight. Answer the questions that follow: [5 marks]
(i) Name the process being studied. Define the process.
(ii) Why was the pot enclosed in a rubber sheet?
(iii) Mention two external factors which can accelerate the above process.
(iv) List two adaptations in plants to reduce the above process.
(v) Draw a neat, labelled diagram of a stomatal apparatus.
Solution:
(i) The process studied in this experiment is Transpiration.
The evaporation of water from the aerial parts of the plant such as leaves, stems and flowers is called Transpiration. It helps to keep the plant cool and create a suction pull in the stem so that roots can absorb water and mineral nutrients from the soil.
(ii) The pot was enclosed in rubber sheet to prevent the escape of water vapor from the pot.
*For Complete Solution: Click here...
(b) Given below are two stages in the evolution of man. Study them and answer the questions that follow: [5 marks]
(i) Identify Australopithecus and Neanderthal man from the above pictures.
(ii) Mention two characteristic features each for the two stages.
(iii) Who proposed the theory of ‘natural selection’?
(iv) Name the organism used as an example to explain 'industrial melanism'.
(v) Give two examples of vestigial organs in humans.
Solution:
(i) A. Neanderthal man
B. Australopithecus
(ii) Two features of Australopithecus man are:
1. Protruding face
2. Chin absent
Two features of Neanderthal man are:
1. Large head
2. Absolute bipedalism
(iii) The theory of 'natural selection' was given by Charles Darwin.
(iv) The phenomenon of 'Industrial Melanism' can be explained by studying behaviour of Peppered Moth (Biston betularia).
(v) The two examples of vestigial organs in humans are:
- Wisdom tooth
- Vermiform appendix
Question 6
(a) In Mendel's experiments, tall pea plants (T) are dominant over dwarf pea plants (t). [5 marks]
(i) What is the phenotype and genotype of the F1 generation if a homozygous tall plant is
crossed with a homozygous dwarf plant?
(ii) Draw a Punnett square board to show the gametes and offspring when both parents
are heterozygous for tallness.
(iii) What is the phenotypic ratio and genotypic ratio of the above cross in (ii)?
(iv) State Mendel’s Law of Dominance.
(v) What is a dihybrid cross?
Solution:
(i) If a homozygous tall plant is crossed with a homozygous dwarf plant, the phenotype and genotype of F1 generation will be:
- Phenotype: Tall
- Genotype: Tt (Hybrid tall)
*For Complete Solution: Click here...
(b) Given below is a diagram representing a stage during mitotic cell division. Study the diagram and answer the following questions. [5 marks]
(i) Identify the stage by giving a suitable reason.
(ii) Is it a plant or an animal cell? Give a reason to support your answer.
(iii) Draw a neat, labelled diagram of the stage which follows the one shown in the
diagram.
(iv) How many chromosomes will each daughter cell have after the completion of the
above division?
(v) Name the four nitrogenous bases.
Solution:
(i) Stage is Anaphase as the two sister chromatids of each chromosome separate and move to opposite poles due to contraction of spindle fibres.
(ii) It is Animal Cell as we can see centrioles present at the opposite poles.
*For Complete Solution: Click here...
Question 7
(a) Answer the following questions briefly: [5 marks]
(i) How are the cytons and axons placed in the brain and the spinal cord?
(ii) Which part of the human ear gives ‘dynamic balance’ and ‘static balance’ to the body?
(iii) Explain how the human eye adapts itself to bright light and dim light.
(iv) What is parthenocarpy? Give one example.
(v) Mention any two objectives of 'Swachh Bharat Abhiyan'.
Solution:
(i) In brain, axons are placed in the inner white matter while cytons are placed in the outer grey matter.
In spinal chord, axons are placed on the outer white matter and cytons are placed in the inner grey matter.
(ii) The sensory cells in the semicircular canals are associated with dynamic balance of the body.
The sensory cells located in the utriculus and sacculus are associated with static balance of the body.
(iii) Human eyes adapt to bright light and dim light through the process called light adaptation and dark adaptation.
For Explanation of Light and Dark Adaptation in Human Eye: Click Here....
(iv) Parthenocarpy is the process of natural or artificially induced development of fruit without fertilization, which produces seedless fruits.
Example: Grapes, Banana
(v) The two objectives of 'Swachh Bharata Abhiyan' are:
a) Eliminate open defecation
b) Construction of individual and community toilets
(b) The diagram given below represents a system in the human body. Study the diagram and answer the following questions: [5 marks]
(i) Identify the system.
(ii) Label the parts marked 5 and 6.
(iii) Name the two hormones secreted by 1.
(iv) Mention the number and the name of the part involved in fertilisation and implantation from the above diagram.
(v) Mention the surgical methods of contraception in
1. Human males 2. Human females
Solution:
(i) System is : Human Female Reproductive System
(ii) Labels:
- Part 5 -> Fallopian Tube
- Part 6 -> Cervix
*For Complete Solution: Click here...
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